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Glossary

This is intended as a dynamic dictionary of terminology, so if you think any terms should be added or amended please email info@focalint.org

A

  • Academic Access
    Provision of viewing copies of archive footage for research and study in the context of under graduate, post graduate or private study. This usually means provision of the material at a licence fee which is lower than commercial rates, or under a licensing scheme. It is usual to impose conditions (e.g. material may only be viewed in the institution, and/or transmitted over secure networks). See also educational use

  • Access Fee
    Is charged where the archive seeks a financial return on its costs for managing and supply of footage. When an archive supplies its own copyright material, these costs are usually rolled up in the licence fee which the archive charges. Access Fee is often stipulated when third party copyright footage is supplied, when an Access Fee is charged by the archive to supply material (usually master) for which it claims no copyright or ownership. Clearance of the copyright is the responsibility of the person gaining access. This fee can be set at whatever level the archive chooses. See also Technical/Transfer Cost.

  • Advertisements (Non Broadcast)
    Footage used in non transmission for promotional purposes of a commercial product or service. Examples are use of archive footage in an advertising video which the client may use at live events and exhibitions; in public relations materials; at trade, press and investor presentations; retail (point of sale, outdoor environments); in electronic media (e.g. CD-Rom, DVD) which are packaged with the client's products and not for retail sale; the client's internet, extranet and intranet sites. It might include Internet viral marketing. One would need to clarify the required uses in the client contract.

  • All Media
    The use of footage in all media including broadcast and sales with multiple options. Any exclusions (such as Theatrical use) must be stated in a contract's definition of "All Media" - otherwise the term means "absolutely everything" - in some (but not all) countries, this even includes media which have not been invented when the contract was signed.

  • Audience
    Defined group to whom the licensed content is intended to reach.


C

  • Cable
    The provision of television via radio frequency signals transmitted to televisions through fixed optical fibres or coaxial cables or wireless microwave systems (including free, pay per view and subscription) for reception by the public. The means of delivery to the public through the "system" is not restricted to cable. In addition to cable, the system can also make use of microwave transmission. In both cases, however, the "cable or microwave system" is the cable operator's closed network. For example, a public broadcaster can also use a wireless microwave system.

  • Captured Audience
    An audience exposed to the programme through a non broadcast format. The audience is exposed by the virtue of their physical presence at a screening, as in a cinema or lecture.

  • CD ROM/CDI Rights
    A "shorthand expression" commonly used to mean the right to transfer footage to a digital format and to combine the footage with other images, animation, video sound and software as required to create a computer based programme, and the right to produce, manufacture and distribute the Programme within the Territory in CD-RROM, CD-I. (The contract would have to be consulted, to determine the actual rights granted in a specific case.)

  • CDI
    see CD Rom

  • CDMA
    see Mobile

  • Cinema
    See Public Exhibition, Theatrical Audience.

  • Corporate
    The images shown form part of an in-house training or conference video within a commercial institution promoting a particular product but where the participants are not paying to view the programme.


D

  • Distribution
    The method of delivery for programming. (Not in terms of a distributor who sells programming.)

  • Download Rights
    Enabling the user to receive data to a local system from a remote system for personal viewing for limited time or perpetuity (commercial & non commercial, low & high quality).  Method whereby a person can receive data for personal viewing and hold it on their own computer either to own (DTO) or to view within a limited period (DTV). This may be a commercial transaction or free service.

  • DVBH
    see Mobile

  • DVD
    see Home Video